Increasing R&D incentives for neglected diseases: Lessons from the Orphan Drug Act
نویسندگان
چکیده
1. Introduction 2. Economics of the pharmaceutical R&D process 2a. Costs and risks 2b. R&D returns 2c. The critical significance of patents in pharmaceuticals 3. The Orphan Drug Act of 1983 3a. Push and pull incentive programs 3b. Characteristics of the Orphan Drug Act 3c. Orphan drug designation and approvals 3d. Costs of orphan drugs 3e. Revenues from marketed orphan drugs 3f. Health benefits of orphan drugs 3g. The ODA and new drugs for the neglected diseases of poor countries 4. An amended Orphan Drug Act for neglected diseases 4a. Transferable patent exclusivity rights 4b. Transferable priority review rights 4c. Purchase guarantees 5. Summary and conclusions
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